# Mathematics

## Elements of Probability Part 1

Its 6:00 AM, a beautiful day. The air is crisp, but not cold. There is a freshness that remains from the morning dew, and the smile of the sun is breaking the horizon. The door closes, your key turns the ignition switch and the current moves to your starter -but, unfortunately, the load does not…

## Linear Model Considerations

In our post on LSR, we discussed some of the basic formulas and methods to derive a linear model. Today, our goal will be to quickly review multiple linear regression, and evaluate how we interpret linear regression models. Simple linear regression is useful, but what about situations where one has to model a significant number…

## Simple Linear Regression

Want a straightforward approach to prediction? Nothing is as direct as simple linear regression (SLR). Suppose that you want to predict a quantitative response variable $Y$ on the basis of a single  response variable $X$. It assumes a linear relationship amid the two variables. We say: $Y \approx \beta_{0}+\beta_{1}X$ [1] We can think…

## Lebesgue Theory Part 3

Previously, we defined a measure m*(I) to be the infimum of the sum of the components (covers) of the measure (i.e. due to the measure being additive). We talked about moving forward and refining our example. In some texts, they continue with denoting a measure using m(I). However, most texts move forward with a different…

## Lebesgue Theory Part 2

Part 1 of this post focused on an introduction into sets, what a ring is, what a sigma-ring is, what does it mean to be additive, independent, and countably additive. We finished with a theorem that addressed the essence of countable additivity; this theorem set up the needed tools to evaluate some important aspect of…

## Lebesgue Theory Part 1 (Set Functions)

What is a set function? In fact, what is a function? Before jumping into the deep water, let us take a moment to review the idea of a function, what it is, and how it is useful to us. 1) Definition: Given two non-empty sets ${A}$ and ${B}$ a function ${f}$ is a rule (i.e. a…

## Cauchy

Open any advanced calculus text or work in any field of analysis, you are likely to relish in the glorious ideas of Agustin-Louis Cauchy and not even know it. Cauchy was born in Paris, France in 1789. He began his professional life as an engineer and progressively influenced mathematics by way of research, professorships (when…

## The Baire Category Theorem

I doubt many of you are familiar with the Baire Category Theorem (BCT) -on second thought, you might; I mean, you have taken the time to read this article (I am guessing that only a subset of a certain group of people read random math/philosophy blogs in their spare time).  I have been involved in…